What Are Herbaceous Perennials?

When thinking about your garden this year, it’s worth looking at herbaceous perennials, and whether they’d be right for you; these plants are effectively ones that have two year life cycles, and flower and die at different times during the year - they tend to flower with bright colours during the Spring and Summer, but retain their roots in the Autumn and Winter, meaning that while the stems and petal may fall away, they continue to grow underground.

Herbaceous perennials are good ideas for gardeners that want to experiment with bright, flowering stems throughout the year, and want to mix together different perennials to create a combination of colours. Planting herbaceous perennials means that you get a consistent range of flowers in certain parts of your garden. Some some herbaceous perennials to look into include anthemis, which look like daisies, and alcea, which has pink petals; other options include acotinum perennials, which have white and blue touches on their petals, and the larger petals of acanthus plants.

Even though perennials will die out during the Autumn and Winter, their growth cycle will continue underground in the soil, meaning that you can receive the same effect of the perennial the following year. It is important, though, to ensure that soil is well maintained to avoid problems with weeds and insects damaging roots, and preventing herbaceous perennials from regrowing - deep soil is also necessary for spreading the roots of herbaceous perennials.

One of the main advantages of using perennials in your home garden is that they’re very adaptive, and once planted, can be tough enough to stand up to even very cold conditions during the Winter - in warmer climates, however, herbaceous perennials tend to flower for longer, and don’t go through the same recycling processes. In either case, though, the roots for herbaceous perennials will be much greater than the plant itself.

When you first grow herbaceous perennials, they might not always flower in their first season of growth after seeds are planted - this means that root systems are taking shape. You can find herbaceous perennials that are already grown, and that will flower during the warmer months, and then continue to develop their root systems - these tend to be more expensive, though.

If you’re looking after herbaceous perennials, you’ll need to occasionally dig into your soil and separate root systems - doing so can mean that you can create new growth and reproduce the plants that you already have. Even with herbaceous perennials’ resilience, you’ll also likely have to keep an eye on soil condition, and should ensure that soil is well drained and treated with mulch before planting to allow roots to grow out. Setting aside a certain part of your garden for herbaceous perennials will mean that you can combine different ones to create a colourful effect for their next flowering cycle.

Lisa jane is a keen gardener who loves to experiment with new plants and flowers every year. For herbaceous perennials and other garden essentials, she recommends checking out Flora Select.

Description of Motive

The Motive of Warmth and Cold

No organism can face hot weather conditions for a longer time nor can one fight much against cold. No one can dispute the importance of man’s drives to avoid excessive warmth and cold. Our clothes, houses, sports, agriculture and even temperament are affected by the climatic conditions. Let us see what the physiological basis of these drives is.

We have seen that the senses of warmth and cold are mediated by separate sensory receptors. Some receptors are sensitive to contact with warmth while other are sensitive to cold. The temperature of human body is regulated by a complex mechanism that balances heat loss against heat production. Thus two temperatures are always involved: the amount of heat in the surrounding environment - and the heat produced by the body itself. Obviously the body can lose less heat to its surround on hot days than on cold ones. The hypothalamus which responds directly to the blood temperature flowing through it, evidently plays a vital role in adjustment of the body to heat and cold.

When the external temperature falls below 57 degrees F, bodily activity is stimulated. Increased secretion of thyroxin and adrenaline helps bring about this increased activity. Muscular activity and blood pressure rise up. Blood is driven from the surface of the body to the deeper tissues where it will not be exposed to cold. The reaction to heat is quite opposite; with the rise of external temperature many bodily activities slow down. Perspiration helps cool down their body surfaces and the blood vessels on the body surface dilate. Greater volume of blood is thus exposed to other body surfaces to cool down. The circulation rate is increased to send blood through this “cooling system” faster. These automatic changes act in different ways to keep the body tissues’ temperature at constant 98 to 99 Fahrenheit regardless of the environmental temperature.

Bowel and Bladder Tensions

All food and drinking after digestive process, has to be eliminated as waste product. Release of bowel and bladder tension is as much important as is food for hunger and drinking for thirst. When pressure for urination on bladder rises or pressure on bowels for release of waste product rises the human being is extremely distressed. In this state person is unable to continue with work and is highly anxious, restless and disturbed until he can, proceeding to toilet find outlet for extermination of the is the product or urine.

When the bladder and lower colon become distended, receptor cells, in their walls are stimulated and produce drives which are satisfied by urination defecation in adult motivation, these drives usually have little significance, since obstacles to their relief are seldom imposed. They play a very important role, however, in childhood, particularly during the period of toilet - training. The muscles that control the bladder and bowels are among the last to come under the child’s control. He derives enjoyment from relieving the tensions caused by accumulated waste. He finds it doubly frustrating to be punished for soiling himself when he is too young to achieve control. Too strict a toilet training may induce, thus, a feeling of insecurity in the child, in some cases.

John S Lam is an IT Instructor at Examskey. He is VCP510 Certified Professional. Take the benefit of our 200-120 material and assure your success. Check out our free demo of all certifications Exams.

The Motive of Power and Affiliation

Exercising power and authority on others is also a very strong learned motive. It as learnt by observing the powerful people enjoying benefits of various forms and hegemonies position overall. Power to control others is to get things done on order and find a number of people having submissive looks highly tempting to all.

This need may not be directly expressed and fulfilled and so seeks many ways to find satisfaction. There are some minimum sources through which people try to gain feeling of power, namely (1) the sources outside themselves, (2) the sources within themselves, (3) by having impact on others, and (4) as members of organizations, religious bodies or a particular cause.

Among the sources outside the individuals, the instance is of men who express power motivation may like to need stories about superb or heroic deeds and assimilate themselves to a leader or hero from whom they draw strength.

Those who enjoy feeling of power by sources within themselves may express power motivation by building up the body and by mastering the urges and impulses. As in possession of different things one feels extension of one’s self, a person may express power by gaining control over things collecting guns, fancy cards and objects of his interest. Thus he may feel proud of his possessions with a sense of power of control.

The people who seek satisfaction of power motive by having impact on others may argue with another person or engage in some kind of competition with another individual in order to have an impact, influence on the person. Loud and boisterous delivery of arguments is, Infact, an attempt to assert and to gratify the power motive.

By gaining some remarkable position in some organization one is actually after a kind of authority and power indirectly. He obviously gets importance in the given environment which provides him a sort of satisfaction of the need of power. A company manager may express power motivation through the organizational machinery. An army officer may gratify the power motive by exercising the chain of command. A politician may use the party apparatus to influence and overpower others.

Dominance, in one way or the other gives a kind of satisfaction to this need Women in general have less strong need for power than men. Women, when really in power, generally are said to exercise their power motivation in less assertive manner. They are often found expressing power as counselors, advisors or resource for other people and have impact and influence in this way.

The Motive of Affiliation

Which town do you belong to……….. Sialkot! Good, I belong to Sialkot too. We may question a nearby passenger while travelling. On a ‘favorable response we instantly develop affiliation and feel satisfied. We need company; friendship and belongingness ever time as we find security, esteem and power feelings in it. Affiliation actually refers to the need of the people to be with others, and others to be with them. Feeling of affiliation is experienced fully when reciprocated and only then the motive is really satisfied. Psychologists have been able to rank people according to the degree of their need to affiliate. The people ranking high on this need are motivated to seek the company of other and to maintain friendly relations with others.

This motive seems to be aroused by situations that offer opportunities or call for being with others. Situational tests have also revealed that the motive of affiliation is aroused by fear (Schechter, 159). Thus fear seems to be an important factor in the arousal of affiliation motive. Relationship between fear and affiliation starts in very childhood. Little children feel comfortable and secure in the company of elders.

John S Lam is an IT Instructor at Examskey. He is 70-680 Certified Professional. Take the benefit of our 200-120 material and assure your success. Check out our free demo of all certifications Exams.

The Monocular Cues for Perception of Dept

The monocular cues are those which are usefully active when only one eye is seeing. These cues can be seen operative in a painter’s work that can give us effective experience of the third dimension from a flat surface quite successfully. Our eye picks them up and we perceive depth. In fact we do not often see objects with one eye exclusively but each eye individually benefits, from these cues. That is, these cues are the ones from the stimulus pattern, regardless of monocular or binocular vision. Among these are the cues based on distinctness, linear perspective, texture, light and shadow, relative position and the known standards.

 
(i)  Distinctness or the Atmospheric Perspective:

Generally, the more clearly we see an object, the nearer it seems. Because of the dust and smoke in the air, objects may appear blind and indistinct in outline. Many far off objects seem to be quite near if there is no smoke, fog or mist in between. .A person reared in a smoky industrial environment will underestimate a far off hill on a very clear morning. The extent of determining depends on the distance and we learn to interpret distance in these terms. The fact is that with the change in atmosphere we are liable to make incorrect estimates of distance. A distant mountain appears farther away on a hazy, foggy day than on a clear day. It is because the haze in the atmosphere blurs the fine details, which if we can see clearly, we perceive the objects as relatively closer. But if we see only the outlines we perceive it as far away.

(ii) The Linear Perspective:

The objects will look smaller and closer together as they become more distant from the observer. The perceiver will tend to perceive them as meeting and closing together. Among the examples are railway tracks, highway shoulders and tree lines on both Sides will seem as closing and meeting each other as well as the horizon. Uniformly spaced objects like telephone poles appear to be spaced more closely as they recede into the distance. Artists often display these phenomena of linear perspective to represent distance in picture.

(iii) Texture Gradients:

A gradient is a continuous gradient change in something - a change without abrupt transition. As we look at a mosaic floor or a designed carpet, the near parts will display more details while the farther ones will give lesser details. We can use the continuous gradation of texture in the visual field as a cue for depth (Gibson, 1950).

 The regions closer to the observer have a coarse texture and many details but as the distance increases, the texture is seen finer and finer. The factor of texture is closely related to linear perspective. On any surface not perpendicular the line of sight the texture elements appear denser as the surface recedes. Thus texture is adjacent to linear perspective1 operating in situations where there are no converging parallel lines.

 
(iv) Light and Shadows:

Distribution of light and shadow is a common cue for perceiver of depth. Shadow or highlight pattern in an object is indicative of depth or distance in front. In an aerial photograph of Quonset huts, it was fond that if turned upside down, the huts would look ‘towers’. The only responsible factor for this phenomenon was light and shadow pattern. Every object especially that having a third dimension will also has at least some of it in the dark. That distribution of dark and light portions is a very strong cue helpful toward perception of depth and distance. When light strikes an irregular surface e.g. the human face, certain parts is lightly illuminated and. others are cast in shadow. The appearance of these shadows tells us a lot about depth of the parts concerned.

Painters and artists commonly use Shading and highlighting to convey this notion of depth on a two-dimensional canvas.

(v) Relative Position:

This is another cue for depth perception. Inter position or relative position occurs when one thing obstructs our view of another. One object is partly covered b, another while the latter is entirely in sight and is perceived to be nearer in distance. Two objects being in the same visual line, for example, the nearer one conceals whole or part of the farther one. The hidden object will seem farther in spite of being just near behind the nearer one but it is the relative position which is providing a cue for perception of depth. Near objects usually appear at the bottom of the two-dimensional field of vision and the distant one at the top.

 
(vi) Known Standards:

If we hold a fifty paisa coin close to our eyes and move it gradually away, we shall not see the coin smaller and smaller, through the retinal image becomes so every moment. The reason is constancy of size. All the known persons and objects, we perceive of the same size and form even if not seen ‘clearly’ from a given distance. Dependence on known standards can sometimes lead us to see strange things if we ‘see’ critically. This interpretation generally lacks in children who often take a man from a distance for a boy. Gaze at a colored paper of square shape for a minute and project the after sensation on to a plain wall some feet away. The image will seem now larger. The size of the retinal image has not changed as we alter the distance our gaze was directed but its perceived size changes through our interpretation of this.

 
(vii) Movement:

If you watch closely, you will find that the object nearer to you is looking closer and bid than the spot at which you are looking - the fixation point - move in a direction opposite to the direction in which your head moved. Whenever you move your head you can observe that the objects in the visual field move relative to you and to one another. Objects move distant that the fixation point; on the other hand, move in the same direction as your head movement. Thus, the direction of movement of objects when we turn our heads can be a cue for their relative distance. Further-more the relative amount of movement is less for far objects than for near once: Of course, as is the case with all the depth cues, we do not usually think about this information, we use it automatically.

 
(viii) Accommodation:

Adjusting the lens to bring the image of an object into focus on the retina is the process called accommodation.. This adjustment is made by muscles which are attached to the lens in the way as to allow it to thicken when they contract. When the lens thickens, nearby objects can be foc4 on the retina. For distant objects, the muscles relax allowing the lens to become thinner so that more distant objects can be focused on the retina. Since’ there are sensory receptors in muscles which signal their tension, we may be able to use this sensory input about muscle relaxation and contraction as a cue to depth. The role of accommodations a cue for depth perception is, however controversial.

John S Lam is an IT Instructor at Examskey. He is CISSP Certified Professional. Take the benefit of our 200-120 material and assure your success. Check out our free demo of all certifications Exams.